LF
LOAN FACTORY LOANSReal People. Real Solutions. Real Results.
(270) 318-4388joseph.geffert@loanfactory.com
PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE BASE

FHA Knowledge Base

FHA is more than “3.5% down.” Learn the cash-to-close, mortgage-insurance, seller-contribution, occupancy, DTI/AUS and documentation logic behind the program.

BACK TO PROGRAM MODULE

Program Rules You Must Understand

Minimum required investment

Generally at least 3.5% of the adjusted value for standard FHA forward purchase financing. This is not the same thing as total cash-to-close.

Seller / interested-party contributions

Interested-party contributions can generally be up to 6% of the sales price toward eligible closing costs, prepaid items and discount points; they cannot be used to satisfy the borrower’s minimum required investment.

Upfront mortgage insurance

UFMIP is generally 1.75% of the base loan amount and is commonly financed into the total loan amount.

Annual mortgage insurance

Annual MIP is paid in monthly installments. For many >15-year loans with base loan amount at or below the applicable threshold and LTV >95%, the annual rate is 0.55%. Other LTV/term/loan-size combinations use different rates.

MIP calculation concept

Monthly MIP is based on the applicable annual MIP rate and outstanding/base balance methodology. For training estimates, students should understand annual rate ÷ 12, but actual servicing calculations and current HUD rules govern.

DTI

Do not teach one universal FHA 'maximum DTI.' TOTAL Scorecard/AUS, manual underwriting, compensating factors and lender overlays can produce different allowable outcomes.

Occupancy

FHA forward purchase financing is generally for principal residences, subject to FHA rules.

Property

FHA property standards, appraisal requirements and property eligibility matter in addition to borrower qualification.

Questions to Ask — and Why

QUESTION TO ASK
WHY YOU ASK IT
WHAT THE ANSWER CHANGES
How much do you have available for down payment and closing?
Separates the 3.5% minimum investment from total cash-to-close.
May reveal need for gift funds, DPA, seller credit or a different structure.
Where are those funds coming from?
FHA has sourcing and acceptable-funds rules.
Determines documentation and whether funds are usable.
Is the seller offering a credit?
FHA permits substantial IPCs but they are limited and cannot cover MRI.
Determines whether closing costs/prepaids/buydown can be covered without reducing required borrower contribution.
Will this be your primary residence?
FHA occupancy is central to eligibility.
Investment intent usually means FHA is not the right path.
Any gift funds?
Gift funds can be useful but must meet donor/transfer requirements.
Changes document list and cash-to-close strategy.
What are your total monthly debts and gross qualifying income?
Needed for DTI and AUS structure.
Helps identify whether FHA should be explored and what must be verified.

Worked Training Example

$300,000 purchase × 3.5% = $10,500 minimum required investment. Base loan = $289,500 before financed UFMIP. UFMIP at 1.75% would be $5,066.25, making an illustrative total loan of $294,566.25 if fully financed, subject to FHA rules and rounding/system calculations.
Important: A training example is not an approval. Always verify current agency/investor/lender guidance, AUS findings and overlays before representing a rule as final.

What a New LO Should Be Able to Explain

After studying this program, the trainee should be able to explain the minimum-investment concept, seller-contribution limits, insurance/fee structure, occupancy, ratio philosophy, key eligibility questions, documentation triggers and why this program may or may not fit a borrower.